Soil of Munger district is grey to dark grey in color, medium to heavy in texture, slightly to moderately alkaline in reaction, cracks during summer (1) cm to more than 5 cm wide and more than 50 cm deep) becomes shallow with onset of monsoon, with clay content nearly 40% to 50% throughout the profile. Slicken side along with the wedge shaped structural aggregates absorb soil are found in level land or depression. Soil becomes bonding during summer and remains inundated rains. The clay minerals found are smectites followed by hydrous mica.
The soil has a good fertility status. Diara land soils are light textured and well drained with free calcium carbonate (CaCO3) that varies between 3% to 8% but seldom exceeds 10% particularly no genetic low zone gives a coarse stratification micro relief, udic moisture regime clay. Minerals found are hydrous mica, smectite, kaolonite and chloride. The nature of sediments deposited in Diara land can be generally stated as those near the streams are coarser in texture i.e., sand which gradually becomes finer with distance a grade to heavy texture of clay in the central part of the meander, these being always layers of sand at varying department which generally do not go deeper than 40 cm to 60 cm of surface deposited as a result of changing course of the current. These Diaras are either:
Islands between river streams or
The place of the abandoned Dhar in the flood plains.